U-10-20% wentsha emhlabeni jikelele uhlangabezana nezimo zempilo yengqondo 1 .
Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo kwentsha zivame kakhulu kunendlela abantu abacabanga ngayo – ngenhlanhla, eziningi zazo ziyelapheka kakhulu! Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-10-20% wentsha emhlabeni jikelele uhlangabezana nezimo zempilo yengqondo, kepha eziningi zazo zihlala zingatholakali futhi zenziwa ngaphansi kwesifo 1 .
Ukungabheki izimo zempilo yengqondo yentsha kunomthelela empilweni yakamuva, kulimaze impilo yomzimba nengqondo nokunciphisa amathuba okuphila impilo egculisayo njengabantu abadala. Ukubona izimpawu zezinkinga zempilo yengqondo nokuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele wena noma othandekayo kungaletha ushintsho oluhlala njalo oluhle.
Kuyacaca ukuthi izingqinamba zempilo yengqondo ziyindawo ephuthumayo enesidingo sentsha. Eziningi zalezi zinkinga zibukeka futhi zizwakala ngendlela efanayo eminyakeni yentsha njengoba zizenza lapho usumdala. Depression futhi ukukhathazeka yizinkinga ezimbili zempilo yengqondo ezinezimpawu ezingaguquguquki phakathi kwentsha nabantu abadala.
Ucwaningo olucashunwe yiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) luthole ukuthi: 7.1% wezingane ezineminyaka engu-3-17 (cishe izigidi ezingama-4.4) zithole ukukhathazeka kanti izingane ezingama-3.2% ezineminyaka engu-3-17 (cishe 1.9 million) ukucindezeleka okutholakele 2 .
Kunokuphazamiseka okuthile kwengqondo okuqala futhi / noma okuvame kakhulu phakathi neminyaka yentsha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphazamiseka kokudla, i-Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), nokuzilimaza.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi kunalesi sifo esithile sempilo yengqondo, lapho kuqala kubonwa futhi kubhekwane naso, ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kungaba.
Izimpawu Nezimpawu Ezijwayelekile Zezinkinga Zempilo Yengqondo Kwentsha
Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwempilo yengqondo kwentsha kuzoya ngesifo esithile, kepha kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele zibhekwe kufaka phakathi:
- Izinguquko zokulala kanye / noma isifiso (kakhulu noma kancane kakhulu)
- Ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo ezintweni ebezijwayele ukuba mnandi noma ezithakazelisayo
- Ukuzihlukanisa nokuba wedwa kaningi
- Ukuchitha isikhathi sabo esiningi becabanga noma bekhuluma ngesisindo sabo noma umzimba wabo
- Ukuzilimaza njengokuzisika noma ukushisa
Intsha Yenguquko Yobudala (TAY)
Intsha yeTransition-Age (TAY) ifaka phakathi abesilisa nabesifazane abasebasha, abaneminyaka engu-16-25 ubudala, abangahle baphume ekunakekelweni ngabazali noma ezindaweni zokuboshelwa izingane, intsha okungenzeka ukuthi ibalekele ikhaya noma yayeka isikole, nentsha ekhubazekile noma izinselelo zempilo yengqondo.
Izinsizakalo zempilo yengqondo yengane neyabantu abadala kungenzeka zinganikeli ngezinsizakalo ezifanele ezidingekayo yi-TAY ngalesi sikhathi sokukhula nokungena ebudaleni.
Izinsizakalo ezinjengokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, amakhono okuphila azimele, izisekelo zezindlu, kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlanganisiwe zempilo yengqondo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zivame ukunikelwa ebusheni beminyaka yobudala. Inhloso yalokhu kusekelwa ukwakha amakhono nokwanela okudingekayo ukufeza izinhloso zokululama komuntu ngamunye, ukugwema imiphumela emibi efana nokungabi nakhaya noma ukuboshwa, kanye nokushintshela ngempumelelo ebudaleni.
Ngeminye imininingwane ngempilo yengqondo yentsha, sicela uvakashele:
I-TXT 4 USIZO insizakalo ezweni lonke, yamahora angama-24 yokusekela umbhalo wentsha esenkingeni. Vele uthumele igama elithi “ephephile” nendawo yakho yamanje (ikheli, idolobha, isifundazwe) kuye I-4HELP (44357) . Ngemizuzwana nje, uzothola umlayezo ngesiza esiseduzane nendawo ephephile nenombolo yocingo ye-ejensi yentsha yendawo. Ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha, phendula ngo- “2chat” ukuze uthumele imiyalezo ngokuhlanganyela nomeluleki oqeqeshiwe.
Impilo Ejwayelekile Yentsha Yengqondo
Izinsizakusebenza zezinkinga ezithile zempilo yengqondo kwentsha:
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeak – Ukukhathazeka Kwezenhlalo
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeak – Ukudangala
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeak – Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Bipolar
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeak – I-Panic Disorder
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeak – I-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- I-TeenMentalHealthSpeaks – Ukunakwa Kwe-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – ADHD
- Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo (CDC) ukuthola imininingwane ejwayelekile
- I-Web MD – Ukuqonda ukuphazamiseka kokudla kwentsha
- NationalEatingDisorders.org ukuthola eminye imininingwane nezinsizakusebenza
- I-VeryWellMind.com ukuthola imininingwane ejwayelekile
- National Institute for Abuse Abuse in Teens ukuthola imininingwane ejwayelekile
Imithombo
1. I-WHO – Impilo Yengqondo Yentsha.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
2. UGhandour RM, uSherman LJ, uVladutiu CJ, et al. Ukudlanga nokwelashwa kokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nezinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni zase-US. J Pediatr. 2019; 206: 256-267.e3.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30322701/